Beyond Borders: Europe’s 16th-Century Quest for Overseas Dominance and Its Diverse Fates

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7 min readNov 26, 2023

In European history, there were many turning points, but when mentioning the most important periods that significantly shaped the modern world, the 16th century stands out — a time of great geographical discoveries, the rise of European powers’ trade dominance, and the struggle for hegemony in the Old Continent. Europe was then the stage for competition among major powers and those that were gaining significance. Which European powers shaped modern Europe in the 16th century? Below, we answer that question.

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There is no doubt that the changes that occurred in the 16th century on the Old Continent shaped Europe’s future as a global power. Many countries were part of these events, but only some played a crucial role. We speak of states that managed to establish powerful empires, influencing geopolitical situations to varying extents in the following century.

What were the European powers in the 16th century?

16th-century Europe witnessed significant transformations. The greatest European powers began a rivalry for hegemony not only in the Old Continent but globally as well. The development of navigation led to a situation where the struggle for territorial and trade dominance extended to overseas territories. The…

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